Psychology Class 11 English

  CBSE Class 11 Psychology Revision Notes Chapter 1: What is psychology Psychology is a modern discipline aimed at understanding the complexities of mental processes, experiences and behaviour of individuals in different contexts. It is treated as a natural as well as a social science. The major schools of psychological thought are structuralism, functionalism, behaviourism, Gestalt school, psychoanalysis, humanistic psychology and cognitive psychology. Contemporary psychology is multivocal as it is characterised by many approaches or diverse views, which explain behaviour at different levels. These approaches are not mutually exclusive. Each provides valuable insights into the complexities of human functioning. The cognitive approach uses thought processes as central to psychological functions. The humanistic approach views human functioning as characterised by a desire to grow, be productive and fulfill human potential. Today psychologists work in many specialised fields which ha...

  CBSE Class 11 Pyschology NCERT Solutions Chapter-1 What is Psychology 1. What is behaviour? Give examples of overt and covert behaviour? Ans.  Behaviours are responses or reactions we make or activities we engage in that can be measured. Some behaviours are overt. They can be outwardly seen or sensed by an observer. Some are internal or covert. All behaviours, covert or overt, are associated with or triggered by some stimulus in the environment or changes that happen internally. A person running to catch train is an example of overt behaviour. A student taking an examination can feel his/her heart pounding. This is an example of covert behaviour. 2. How can you distinguish scientific psychology from the popular notions about the discipline of Psychology? Ans.  Scientific psychology is different from the popular notions about the discipline of Psychology. The popular theories of human behaviour are based on common sense and may or may not be true if investigated scientif...

  CBSE Class 11 Psychology Revision Notes Chapter 2: Methods of Inquiry in Psychology A psychological research is conducted for the purpose of description, prediction, explanation, control of behaviour, and application of knowledge generated in an objective manner. It involves the following four steps: conceptualising a problem, collection of data, analysing data, drawing and revising research conclusions. The psychological research is also conducted to discover and understand the subjective meanings of events as they occur in a particular context, and also reflect upon one’s own behaviour and experiences. In psychological studies, different types of data including demographic, environmental, physical, physiological, and psychological information are collected. However, the data in psychological studies remain located in a context and are tied to the theory and method used for its collection. Different methods are used for collecting information. The observation method is used for ...

  CBSE Class 11 Pyschology NCERT Solutions Chapter-2 Methods of Enquiry in Psychology 1. What are the goals of scientific enquiry? Ans.  Like any scientific research, psychological enquiry has the following goals: description, prediction, explanation, and control of behaviour, and application of knowledge so generated, in an objective manner. Description  : This helps in distinguishing a particular behaviour from other behaviours. For example, the researcher may be interested in observing study habits among students. Study habits may consist of diverse range of behaviours, such as attending all your classes regularly, submitting assignments on time, planning your study schedule, studying according to the set schedule, revising your work on a daily basis etc. Within a particular category there may be further minute descriptions. The researcher needs to describe her/his meaning of study habits. The description requires recording of a particular behaviour which helps in its ...

  CBSE Class 11 Psychology Revision Notes Chapter 3: The Bases of Human Behaviour The human nervous system consists of billions of interconnected, highly specialised cells called neurons. Neurons or nerve cells control and coordinate all human behaviour. The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain and spinal cord. Peripheral nervous system branches out from the CNS to all parts of the body. It has two divisions: the somatic nervous system (related to the control of skeletal muscles) and the autonomic nervous system (related to control of internal organs). The autonomic system is sub-divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. Neurons have dendrites, which receive impulses; and the axon, which transmits impulses from cell body to other neurons or to muscle tissue. Every axon is separated by a gap called synapse. A chemical called neurotransmitter is released from the axon terminal that carries the message to the other neuron. The central core of the human br...

  CBSE Class 11 Psychology NCERT Solutions Chapter-3 The Bases of Human Behaviour 1. How does the evolutionary perspective explain the biological basis of behaviour? Ans.  Evolution refers to gradual and orderly biological changes that result in a species from their pre-existing forms in response to the changing adaptation demands of their environment. Physiological as well as behavioural changes that occur due to the evolution process are so slow that they become visible after hundreds of generations. Three important features of modern human beings differentiate them from their ancestors: (i) a bigger and developed brain with increased capacity for cognitive behaviours like perception, memory, reasoning, problem solving, and use of language for communication. (ii) ability to walk upright on two legs. (iii) a free hand with a workable opposing thumb. These features have been with us for several thousand years. Our behaviours are highly complex and more developed than those of ...